In Panderichthids (rhipidistian fish ancestors of amphibians), 2 sets of ossifications are present in the centra region. At posterior end, below the neural arch, are pleurocentra. This element gave ...

The vertebrae that make up the cervical spine are the smallest seven within the spinal column. These bones give the neck structure, support the skull, and protect the spinal cord, among other ...

Spinal fusion is a surgical procedure in which two or more vertebrae are permanently joined into one solid bone with no space between them. Vertebrae are the small, interlocking bones of the spine. In ...